基于地下水安全的六价铬土壤环境基准值推导案例

顾熙; 陈扣平; 吴吉春

doi:10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202307050

基于地下水安全的六价铬土壤环境基准值推导案例

Derivation case of Cr(VI) soil environmental criteria based on groundwater safety

摘要

摘要: 重金属污染物六价铬Cr(VI)毒性较大，迁移性强，对地下水安全带来很大威胁，现行相关土壤标准多忽视了地下水安全，亟需制定基于地下水安全的Cr(VI)土壤环境基准值为污染场地监管提供支撑。调研借鉴国外制定基于地下水安全的污染物环境基准值的方法，以浙江黏壤土、江苏壤质砂土和吉林壤质黏土为研究对象，进行室内静态吸附试验，获得3种土壤的Cr(VI)分配系数。土壤参数及含水层相关参数通过查阅调研国内文献获得，采用美国环境保护署在土壤筛选指南中提出的土壤筛选值（soil screening level，SSL）方法，基于《地下水质量标准》（GBT 14848—2017）反推得到基于地下水安全的土壤环境基准值。研究结果表明：基于地下水安全的Cr(VI)土壤环境基准值分别为0.944 ，0.690 ，0.514 mg/kg，研究结果与国外以保护地下水安全为目的的基准值较为接近，但各研究地区土壤性质的差异使得基准值有所差别。因此各地监管机构在完善土壤环境质量评价体系时应当构建各地土壤及含水层参数数据库，为本地区土壤污染治理提供参考。研究结果可为我国各地区推导基于地下水安全的重金属土壤环境基准值提供科学依据。

Abstract: The heavy metal pollutant Cr (VI) has high toxicity and strong mobility, posing a great threat to groundwater safety. The current relevant soil standards often overlook groundwater safety. It is urgent to establish a Cr(VI) soil environmental reference value based on groundwater safety in order to provide support for the supervision of contaminated sites. In order to determine the calculation method of soil environmental reference value for groundwater protection that is in line with China’s characteristics, research and derivation of soil environmental reference value based on groundwater safety at home and abroad, and draw reference from foreign methods for formulating environmental reference value of pollutants based on groundwater safety. Taking Zhejiang clay loam, Jiangsu loamy sandy soil and Jilin loamy clay as research objects, the distribution coefficients of Cr(VI) in the three soils were obtained through indoor static adsorption tests. The soil parameters and aquifer-related parameters of the three soils were obtained through literature research, The soil screening level (SSL) method proposed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency in the Soil Screening Guidelines was adopted, based on groundwater quality standards (GBT14848—2017), a soil environmental reference value aiming at groundwater protection is obtained.The results show that the baseline values of Cr(VI) soil environment based on groundwater safety were 0.944 0.690, 0.514 mg/kg, respectively. The results are close to the reference values of foreign countries for the purpose of protecting groundwater safety. However, the differences of soil properties in each study area make the final base values different. Therefore, when improving the soil environmental quality system, local regulatory agencies should build a database of soil and aquifer parameters to help soil pollution control. The research results can provide scientific basis for deducing the environmental reference value of heavy metal soil based on groundwater safety in various regions of China.

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