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广东惠州黄沙洞地区岩石圈热-流变结构及其热源启示

甘浩男 蔺文静 王贵玲 闫晓雪 岳高凡 翁炜 张德龙

甘浩男,蔺文静,王贵玲,等. 广东惠州黄沙洞地区岩石圈热-流变结构及其热源启示[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2023,50(0): 1-14 doi:  10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202302054
引用本文: 甘浩男,蔺文静,王贵玲,等. 广东惠州黄沙洞地区岩石圈热-流变结构及其热源启示[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2023,50(0): 1-14 doi:  10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202302054
GAN Haonan, LIN Wenjing, WANG Guiling, et al. Lithospheric thermo-rheological structure of Huangshadong geothermal field, Huizhou, Guangdong, and its heat-sources implications[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2023, 50(0): 1-14 doi:  10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202302054
Citation: GAN Haonan, LIN Wenjing, WANG Guiling, et al. Lithospheric thermo-rheological structure of Huangshadong geothermal field, Huizhou, Guangdong, and its heat-sources implications[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2023, 50(0): 1-14 doi:  10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202302054

广东惠州黄沙洞地区岩石圈热-流变结构及其热源启示

doi: 10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202302054
基金项目: 国家重点研发项目(2021YFB1507401)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    甘浩男(1988-),男,硕士,副研究员,主要从事岩石圈热-流变结构研究工作。E-mail:ganhaonan@mail.cgs.gov.cn

    通讯作者:

    王贵玲(1964-),男,博士,研究员,主要从事地热资源赋存理论及勘查开发研究工作。E-mail:wangguiling@mail.cgs.gov.cn

Lithospheric thermo-rheological structure of Huangshadong geothermal field, Huizhou, Guangdong, and its heat-sources implications

  • 摘要: 岩石圈热-流变结构研究是揭示岩石圈范围内的热状态的有效手段,开展地热异常区的岩石圈热-流变结构研究可以对热源贡献进行有效约束。东南沿海地区是我国地热资源重要分布区,地表出露大量天然温泉,地热钻探揭露深部具有较高的地温梯度,然而关于其热源机制尚未有定论,且深部是否赋存有干热岩资源亦不清楚。以广东惠州黄沙洞地热田为研究对象,分析岩石圈尺度温度分布和流变强度,探讨黄沙洞地热田的热源构成,分析浅部水热系统的热影响,并对干热岩资源前景进行分析。结果表明:(1)黄沙洞地热田水热活动影响下地表热通量为130.3 mW/m2,地壳热流与地幔热流值相近,表现为温壳温幔型岩石圈热结构,此外,构造活动相关热流达到了30.5~60.3 mW/m2;(2)岩石圈流变结构显示中地壳存在韧性流变层,上地壳与下地壳以脆性破裂为主,下地壳与岩石圈地幔表现出流变结构耦合,为相对稳固的地壳底界;(3)黄沙洞地热田的热源以地壳构造活动产生的热源为主导,地幔热源和放射性生热是主要的热源组成部分。构造热作用的主要方式包括区域深断裂的热聚敛和水热系统循环换热,两者可能通过“接力式”热传递携带热量至浅表;(4)区域深断裂的热聚敛在构造热作用中的占比是影响干热岩资源前景的关键因素。本项研究可为后续东南沿海同类型地区的干热岩资源勘查与靶区选址提供热源参考。
  • 图  1  黄沙洞地热田地质构造简图(大地构造位置简图修改自Faure等[38]

    1—石炭系下统测水组石英砂岩、粉砂岩;2—泥盆系下统老虎头组石英质砾岩、含砾砂岩、粉砂岩;3—寒武系下统牛角河组变余结构砂岩与板岩、碳质板岩;4—震旦系上统老虎塘组变质粉砂岩、砂岩、千枚状页岩;5—早侏罗世大点顶单元细粒黑云母二长花岗岩;6—整合岩层界线;7—断层;8—地热井

    Figure  1.  The location geological map showing the study area. Simplified tectonic map of South China( modified after Ref [38])

    图  2  惠热1井及周边岩石生热率三元图

    Figure  2.  Ternary scatter plot of radiogenic heat production of the core samples of HR1, showing the relative proportions of U, Th, and K in the total radiogenic heat production

    图  3  惠热1井主要造岩矿物与放射性生热率关系

    Figure  3.  Radiogenic heat production verses main minerals of HR1

    图  4  黄沙洞地热田岩石圈热结构(1-8数据来自Jiang等[50]

    Figure  4.  Lithospheric thermal structure in Huangshadong geothermal field (data of 1-8 are form Jiang et al.[50])

    图  6  惠州黄沙洞地热田近似稳态温度推测曲线

    Figure  6.  The approximate steady-state temperature estimation curve of the Huangshadong geothermal field

    图  5  惠州黄沙洞地热田岩石圈热-流变强度曲线

    Figure  5.  Thermal-rheological structure of Huangshadong geothermal field

    表  1  惠州及周边区域不同岩性放射性生热率统计表

    Table  1.   Statistics of radiogenic heat production of different rock types in Huizhou and surrounding area

    编号岩性CK/%CTh/(μg∙g−1CU/(μg∙g−1密度/(kg∙m−3生热率/(μW∙m−3
    CHA026D砂岩1.9728.04.952.493.13
    CHA036D砂岩3.2213.803.012.431.83
    CHA058D砂岩6.0824.45.342.263.04
    CHA038D砂岩0.221.270.472.440.21
    CHA040D砂岩5.5819.453.562.482.56
    CHB092D砂岩4.3418.903.092.532.35
    CHB156D砂岩5.6422.14.142.242.59
    CHA044D砂岩2.4128.61.392.472.34
    CHB107D砂岩1.607.912.242.411.14
    CHB114D砂岩4.5717.704.682.052.17
    CHA049D砂岩3.2733.83.192.483.18
    CHB185D砂岩1.2811.452.132.551.38
    HZB05D*砂岩2.9210.802.142.391.39
    HZB056D*砂岩2.7519.904.152.482.48
    HZB065D*砂岩4.5825.63.832.212.61
    HZB072D*砂岩3.6916.254.902.202.22
    HZB093D*砂岩1.0510.801.852.291.12
    CHB098D花岗岩类3.0010.153.562.531.78
    CHB196D花岗岩类4.7429.65.712.673.92
    CHA006D花岗岩类5.4331.86.602.664.34
    CHB110D花岗岩类4.2368.322.72.6210.63
    CHB164D花岗岩类4.6055.624.12.5910.04
    CHB127D花岗岩类5.4235.67.332.454.40
    CHB068D花岗岩类4.1316.053.222.582.22
    CHB130D花岗岩类6.7539.711.352.586.02
    CHB176D花岗岩类5.3546.39.092.585.77
    CHA047D花岗岩类3.8719.455.792.372.81
    CHB126D花岗岩类5.9133.35.532.544.02
    CHB063D花岗岩类4.7246.521.42.578.72
    CHB048D花岗岩类4.8141.211.552.545.90
    CHB060D花岗岩类5.7014.702.892.682.28
    CHB049D花岗岩类4.3725.029.32.619.35
    CHB029D花岗岩类5.4337.714.902.626.74
    CHB102D花岗岩类5.1967.515.302.478.31
    CHB171D花岗岩类4.9055.411.902.667.24
    CHB100D花岗岩类4.4181.720.92.6011.01
    CHA018D花岗岩类4.6031.311.352.545.19
    CHB101D花岗岩类4.7061.217.052.628.79
    CHB088D花岗岩类5.1141.97.202.464.76
    CHB193D花岗岩类5.2849.68.422.686.04
    CHA004D花岗岩类3.8920.14.292.672.83
    CHB037D花岗岩类6.0625.34.592.593.36
    HZB032D*花岗岩类4.5830.916.352.325.82
    HZB036D*花岗岩类3.3031.47.812.243.72
    HZB075D*花岗岩类0.3051.113.802.245.90
    HZB086D*花岗岩类4.6237.014.252.345.77
    HZB098D*花岗岩类3.8928.96.832.153.28
    HZB017D*页岩5.1520.03.782.362.48
    HZB023D*页岩2.0615.351.392.401.43
    HZB043D-1*页岩2.8016.253.321.931.60
    HZB043D-2*页岩3.5920.84.832.152.40
    注:*样品数据来自闫晓雪[27]
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  惠热1井钻孔岩心热物性参数统计特征值[27]

    Table  2.   Statistics of thermal properties of cores from HR1 in the Huangshadong geothermal field

    编号深度/m岩性测量热导率
    /(W·m−1·K−1
    校正热导率
    /(W·m−1·K−1
    生热率
    /(μW∙m−3
    HR-1273砂岩3.533.451.79
    HR-2276砂岩6.1575.993.21
    HR-3427砂岩7.2946.972.09
    HR-4655砂岩2.7782.692.71
    HR-5968砂岩2.7782.641.29
    HR-61262砂岩5.1974.582.09
    HR-71568花岗岩类1.6971.644.39
    HR-81832花岗岩类6.7785.736.69
    HR-92005花岗岩类4.3613.724.52
    HR-102383花岗岩类1.9371.937.31
    HR-112704花岗岩类5.3115.307.46
    HR-123005花岗岩类5.87
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  惠热1井及周边岩石矿物组成

    Table  3.   Statistics of mineral composition of different rock types in HR1 and surrounding area

    编号钾长石钠长石石英方解石云母粘土矿物
    HR-1*24751
    HR-2*22515139
    HR-3*762229
    HR-4*14193730
    HR-5*2644
    HR-6*491932
    HR-7*64132201
    HR-8*543484
    HR-9*8546
    HR-10*3441205
    HR-11*3942154
    HR-12*3835243
    CHA004D13.532.647.46.5
    CHA006D17.822.945.713.6
    CHB028D//100/
    CHB037D21.727.351/
    CHB045D//100/
    CHB088D16.218.964.9/
    CHB102D24.726.748.5/
    CHB126D20.318.852.18.8
    CHB164D16.333.150.6/
    CHB176D16.531.638.913
    CHB193D19.626.544.59.4
    注:*样品数据来自闫晓雪[27]
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  黄沙洞地热田岩石圈分层结构及热物性

    Table  4.   Lithospheric layered structure and relative radiogenic heat production and Thermal conductivity in Huangshadong geothermal field

    地表热通量
    / (mW∙m−2
    岩石圈分层/km放射性生热率值
    /(μW∙m−3
    热导率值
    /(W·m−1·K−1
    130.3(水热活动区)/
    70(稳定区)
    上地壳0~34.273.92
    3~104.27exp(-z/D)3.06
    中地壳 (10~20)0.82.7
    下地壳 (20~32)0.033.0
    岩石圈地幔 (>32)0.033.4
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  黄沙洞地热田岩石圈热结构及深部温度

    Table  5.   Lithospheric thermal structure and deep temperature in Huangshadong geothermal field

    热结构水热活动区
    热流值
    稳定区
    热流值
    热流组成
    /(mW∙m−2
    地表热流130.370
    地壳热流38.2638.26
    地幔热流31.7431.74
    构造热流60.3
    地壳热流/地幔热流1.21.2
    地壳深部
    温度
    地壳深度/km3232
    地壳底界温度/°C1091.4442.7
    10 km处温度/°C362.2178.2
    20km处温度/°C722.3314.9
    30 km处温度/°C1030.0421.6
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  黄沙洞地热田岩石圈流变结构参数表

    Table  6.   parameters for lithospheric rheological structures of Huangshadong geothermal field

    分层结构岩性选择岩性活化能/(kJ∙mol−1应力指数物质相关常数/(MPa-n∙s−1参考文献
    上地壳沉积地层和结晶基底脆性破裂[41]
    中地壳花岗质层干石英15241.198×10−8[51]
    下地壳辉长岩层脆性破裂[41]
    岩石圈地幔二辉橄榄岩二辉橄榄岩(干)52344.500×101[52]
    下载: 导出CSV
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