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汶川震区植被恢复与同震滑坡活动性动态演化分析

李明威 熊江 陈明 唐川

李明威,熊江,陈明,等. 汶川震区植被恢复与同震滑坡活动性动态演化分析[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2023,50(3): 182-192 doi:  10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202209049
引用本文: 李明威,熊江,陈明,等. 汶川震区植被恢复与同震滑坡活动性动态演化分析[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2023,50(3): 182-192 doi:  10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202209049
LI Mingwei, XIONG Jiang, CHEN Ming, et al. Vegetation restoration and dynamic evolution analysis of landslide activity in the Wenchuan Earthquake area[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2023, 50(3): 182-192 doi:  10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202209049
Citation: LI Mingwei, XIONG Jiang, CHEN Ming, et al. Vegetation restoration and dynamic evolution analysis of landslide activity in the Wenchuan Earthquake area[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2023, 50(3): 182-192 doi:  10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202209049

汶川震区植被恢复与同震滑坡活动性动态演化分析

doi: 10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202209049
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1501004);中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所基本科研业务费项目(AS2022J02)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    李明威(1996-),女,硕士,助理工程师,主要从事震后地质灾害演化趋势方面的研究工作。E-mail:limingwei@mail.cgs.gov.cn

    通讯作者:

    唐川(1961-),男,博士,博士生导师,教授,主要从事地质灾害、环境地质等方面的教学与研究工作。E-mail:tangc@cdut.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: P642.2

Vegetation restoration and dynamic evolution analysis of landslide activity in the Wenchuan Earthquake area

  • 摘要: 强烈的山区地震往往会引发大量同震滑坡,对当地植被覆盖和生长造成直接破坏。作为表现滑坡活动强度的重要指标,同震滑坡体表面的植被恢复情况对评估震后地质灾害的活动情况具有重要意义。然而,受观测资料所限,当前对于震区植被恢复进程的研究多为小尺度范围,而对大区域内植被演化机制以及植被与地质灾害活动性的关系认识不足。因此,采用多时相、长时序(2000—2020年)的高精度遥感影像对汶川地震强震区大范围内的植被恢复过程进行研究,计算得到不同时期植被恢复率,以此探究大范围内植被恢复的普适性规律,同时分析植被恢复与滑坡活动强度变化的关系。研究发现:截至2020年,71.34%区域的同震滑坡表面植被已处于恢复程度较好阶段;高活动强度、中活动强度、低活动强度和基本稳定的滑坡面积比分别为17.6%、12.4%、17.7%和52.3%。同震滑坡地表恢复趋势表明,汶川震区植被预计在震后约17 a恢复至震前平均水平。然而,植被恢复过程和滑坡活动性的变化往往受多种因素的综合影响。虽然滑坡地表植被恢复在一定程度上反映了地震后滑坡活动性的下降,但地震对滑坡活动性的影响将比地表植被恢复到震前水平所持续的时间更长。参考前人研究成果,本研究认为震后滑坡活动将持续25 a或更长时间。研究成果可为汶川震区震后地质灾害评估、防治工作提供参考。
  • 图  1  研究区概况图

    Figure  1.  Overview of the study area

    图  2  2000—2020年间平均NDVI(误差线代表NDVI的标准差)

    Figure  2.  Average NDVI from 2000 to 2020 (error bars represent standard deviation of NDVI

    图  3  不同年份NDVI频率分布图

    Figure  3.  Frequency distribution map of NDVI in different years

    图  4  2009—2020年间不同VRR类型面积及所占百分比

    Figure  4.  Area and percentage of different VRR types from 2009 to 2020

    图  5  汶川地区典型区域植被恢复情况空间分布情况示意图

    Figure  5.  Representative example of the spatial distribution of vegetation restoration in the Wenchuan area

    图  6  清平地区典型区域植被恢复情况空间分布情况示意图

    Figure  6.  Representative example of the spatial distribution of vegetation restoration in the Qingping area

    图  7  北川地区典型区域植被恢复情况空间分布情况示意图

    Figure  7.  Representative example of the spatial distribution of vegetation restoration in the Beichuan area

    图  8  滑坡活动强度分级标准

    Figure  8.  Classification standard of landslide activity intensity

    图  9  历年滑坡活动强度统计

    Figure  9.  Statistics on the intensity of landslide activities over the years

    图  10  不同规模滑坡活动性演化趋势

    Figure  10.  Evolution trend of landslide activity of different scales

    图  11  持续向沟道输送物质的巨大型滑坡

    Figure  11.  Landslide materials continuing to transfer downstream from giant landslides

    图  12  植被恢复与滑坡活动性动态响应

    Figure  12.  Post-earthquake vegetation and landslide activity evolution trends

    表  1  基础数据来源统计

    Table  1.   Statistic of the basic data source

    类型数据来源收集时间分辨率用途
    遥感影像Landsat52000—2010年30 m提取NDVI
    Landsat72011—2013年
    Landsat82014—2020年
    同震滑坡数据集Tang等[21]2009年3月研究对象
    地形数据https://earthdata.nasa.gov/30 m因子分析
    降雨https://giovanni.gsfc.nasa.gov/giovanni/2008—2019年0.25°
    岩性成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2022-09-22
  • 修回日期:  2022-12-23
  • 刊出日期:  2023-05-15

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