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含悬浮物矿井水微絮凝-多级过滤工艺研究

张溪彧 董书宁 王锐 王淑璇 金鹏康

张溪彧,董书宁,王锐,等. 含悬浮物矿井水微絮凝-多级过滤工艺研究[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2023,50(5): 222-230 doi:  10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202208080
引用本文: 张溪彧,董书宁,王锐,等. 含悬浮物矿井水微絮凝-多级过滤工艺研究[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2023,50(5): 222-230 doi:  10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202208080
ZHANG Xiyu, DONG Shuning, WANG Rui, et al. A study of the microflocculation-multistage filtration technology of mine water containing suspended solids[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2023, 50(5): 222-230 doi:  10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202208080
Citation: ZHANG Xiyu, DONG Shuning, WANG Rui, et al. A study of the microflocculation-multistage filtration technology of mine water containing suspended solids[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2023, 50(5): 222-230 doi:  10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202208080

含悬浮物矿井水微絮凝-多级过滤工艺研究

doi: 10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202208080
基金项目: 中国煤炭科工集团科技创新创业资金专项项目(2022-2-TD-ZD005)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    张溪彧(1993-),男,博士研究生,助理研究员,主要从事矿井水资源化相关研究。E-mail:zhangxiyu@cctegxian.com

  • 中图分类号: P641.5

A study of the microflocculation-multistage filtration technology of mine water containing suspended solids

  • 摘要: 针对含悬浮物矿井水处理过程中固液分离困难的问题,基于核晶凝聚诱导造粒理论,通过室内试验的研究方法,开展矿井水微絮凝-多级过滤工艺研究。首先,通过药剂投加与水利条件调节,诱导悬浮颗粒与絮凝剂形成共聚物,形成絮体沉降时间曲线,通过最优参数选取完成絮体造粒致密化;其次,选择石英砂、人造沸石、活性炭、风积沙 4 种过滤介质,考察不同介质类型及粒径对污染组分脱除效率的影响,分析固-液界面产生的物理作用及化学反应;最终,选取典型矿井开展现场试验,验证该工艺对于不同污染组分的脱除效果。结果表明:(1)在微絮凝阶段采用200 mg/L的 聚合氯化铝及200 mg/L的硅藻土联合投加的方式可以大幅度降低沉降时间;(2)在多级过滤阶段1~2 mm石英砂对于浊度去除率可达97.9%,而 4 种过滤介质中人造沸石对于无机离子脱除效果最优,对于 ${\rm{SO}}_4^{2 -} $、 ${\rm{HCO}}_3^- $、Na+去除率分别达到25.5%、44.1%、69.9%。通过研究成果形成的微絮凝-多级过滤工艺可以大幅度降低矿井水处理过程中的停留时间,提高固液分离效率,在此基础上选用天然硅藻土作为成核剂替代聚丙烯酰胺还能有效抑制丙烯酰胺单体的生成,可降低环境风险。该工艺对于含悬浮物矿井水处理具有良好推广应用价值。
  • 图  1  微絮凝-多级过滤试验装置流程图

    Figure  1.  Flow chart of microflocculation-multistage filtration experimental device

    图  2  单一投加PAC与联合硅藻土沉降时间比较

    Figure  2.  Comparison of settling time between single PAC and combined diatomite

    图  3  不同滤料对浊度的去除效果

    Figure  3.  Removal effect of different filter media on turbidity

    图  4  不同滤料对无机离子的去除效果

    Figure  4.  Removal effect of different filter materials on inorganic ions

    图  5  不同滤料对TDS的去除效果

    Figure  5.  Removal effect of different filter materials on TDS

    图  6  西部某矿井微絮凝-多级过滤工艺路线

    Figure  6.  Micro-flocculation-filtration process route of a mine in a western mining area

    表  1  试验运行参数

    Table  1.   Experimental operation of filter speed parameters

    过滤柱 滤速/(m·h−1 滤柱直径/m 截面积/m2 流量/(L·min−1
    1号过滤柱 4 0.1 0.03 2
    2号过滤柱 2 0.1 0.03 1
    3号过滤柱 1 0.1 0.03 0.5
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  分析测试方法

    Table  2.   Analytical test methods

    指标 主要仪器或测定方法 参照标准
    浊度 HACH2100P型浊度仪 《生活饮用水卫生标准》
    (GB 5749—2022)[18]
    Cl质量浓度 硝酸银容量法
    ${\rm{SO}}_4^{2 -} $质量浓度 硫酸钡比浊法
    Na+质量浓度 火焰原子吸收分光光度法
    ${\rm{HCO}}_3^- $质量浓度 酸碱滴定法 《地下水质分析方法》(DZ/T 0064—2021)[19]
    溶解性总固体
    (TDS)
    重量法
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  某矿井原水水质指标

    Table  3.   Quality index of raw water of a mine

    指标 浊度
    /NTU
    质量浓度/(mg·L−1 TDS/(mg·L−1
    Cl ${\rm{SO}}_4^{2 -} $ Na+ ${\rm{HCO}}_3^- $
    结果 93.6 128 71 310 546 835
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  相关系数矩阵

    Table  4.   Correlation coefficient matrix

    离子种类 Cl ${\rm{SO} }_4^{2 -} $ ${\rm{HCO}}_3^- $ Na+ TDS
    Cl 1 0.942 0.667 0.833 0.972
    ${\rm{SO} }_4^{2 -} $ 1 0.402 0.785 0.972
    ${\rm{HCO} }_3^- $ 1 0.731 0.484
    Na+ 1 0.719
    TDS 1
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  微絮凝-多级过滤实际处理效果

    Table  5.   Correlation coefficient matrix

    浊度/NTU 质量浓度/(mg·L−1 TDS/(mg·L−1
    Cl ${\rm{SO} }_4^{2 -} $ ${\rm{HCO}}_3^- $ Na+
    进水 105 128 85 560 335 968
    出水 2 144 68 366 121 816
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2022-08-30
  • 修回日期:  2022-09-30
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-08-18
  • 刊出日期:  2023-09-19

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