Connotation, layering, mapping and supporting objectives of the integrated survey of ground substrates
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摘要: 地表基质综合调查评价是支撑自然资源管理和服务宜林宜草、宜耕宜荒的基础性工作。关于地表基质综合调查的理论基础、目标定位、科学内涵、填图方法及分类分层等是目前探索的焦点与热点。文章在近年来承德生态文明示范区地表基质综合调查与多尺度填图的基础上，结合全国不同典型地区地表基质调查研究试点工作，进一步厘清了地表基质的科学内涵与支撑服务目标，建立了地表基质第三级分类方案和填图单元及命名方式，提出了地表基质调查中生产层、生态层和生活层的深度范围，最后从支撑塞罕坝地区植树造林和坝上地区狼毒草生态防治两个案例揭示了地表基质对植被群落的约束作用。研究成果可为深入理解地表基质的科学意义和开展全国范围的地表基质调查、监测、评价、区划提供基础参考。Abstract: Comprehensive investigation and evaluation of ground substrate is the fundamental work to support suitable forest, grass, farming and wasteland. The guiding theory, target positioning, scientific connotation and mapping unit of comprehensive investigation of ground substrate are the focus and hotspot of current scientific issues. In this paper, based on the comprehensive survey and multi-scale mapping of ground substrate in Chengde Ecological Civilization Demonstration Area in recent years, and combined with the pilot practices of ground substrate survey in different regions, we further clarify the scientific connotation and supporting service objectives of ground substrate, establish the fourth-level classification scheme, mapping unit and naming convention, and proposed the depths range of the production layer, ecological layer and living layer of ground substrate. Finally we take two cases of afforestation and grass degeneration in the Bashang region as examples to reveal the constraining effect of ground substrate on vegetation community. All the above research results will provide a fundamental reference for understanding in-depth of the scientific significance of ground substrate and implementation of survey, monitoring, evaluation and zoning of ground substrate in China.
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Key words:
- ground substrate /
- theoretical connotation /
- intetrated survey /
- mapping /
- natural resourses
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图 2 柴白河流域残坡积物平均厚度统计图
Figure 2. Statistical histogram of the average thickness of the eluvium and deluvium deposits in the Chaibai River basin
图 3 承德柴白河流域地表基质三级填图单元
Figure 3. Third-level mapping unit of ground substrate in the Chaibai River Basin of Chengde
图 4 张承坝上高原典型地表基质与植被生长约束
Figure 4. Typical ground substrate and vegetation growth constraints in the Bashang Plateau of Zhangjiakou—Chengde
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