Abstract: In order to solve and prevent mine water accident, it is one of the key tasks to quickly identify the water inrush source. Based on the difference in chemical compositions of groundwater in different aquifers in the Pansan mine in Huainan, eight kinds of hydrochemical indexes are selected as the sample variables to judge the water inrush source. They are analyzed by routine water quality analyses. The Piper diagram is used to reveal the water inrush points and well fields and the independent weight coefficient is use to empower the aquifer water quality indicators. The water source identification of the sample data is carried out by the gray relational degree theory. The results show that the inrush water source is the groundwater from the 13-1 coal roof fissured sandstone. The piper diagram can perfectly indicate the hydrochemical properties of the aquifers. The independent weight-gray relational theory can avoid the repetition of indicators and eliminate the relevant interference factors, and can accurately identify the water inrush source. It can provide a new method for the identification of water inrush source.