Abstract: Geological and geothermal background of the Quman geothermal field is introduced in this paper. The basic characteristics of chemical components and special components of the hot water, the shallow cold water and the cold-hot mixed water are examined in the geothermal field and its adjacent areas. The resource and migration regularity of the chemical components of the geothermal water are studied. The water-rock equilibrium state in the deep geothermal field is interpreted, and the temperature of the geothermal reservoir is calculated. The research results show that the Na⁺, Cl^- and \rmSO_4^2 - are the principal chemical constituents, and Ca²⁺ and \rmHCO_3^ - are secondary in the geothermal water which are typical in high temperature geothermal fluids. Thermal fluids in the central geothermal field upflow, and in the south, east and north the thermal fluids are obviously lateral runoff after upflow. The deep part of the geothermal field is a reduction environment, its permeability is strong, and the geothermal activity background is medium-strong. The temperature of the geothermal reservoir calculated ranges from 114 ℃ to 186 ℃, and the overall background temperature is high.